西南大学 1906课程考试 语言学导论 【0181】 大作业（答案）
Ⅰ. For each question there are four choices. Decide which one would
be the best answer to the question, or would best complete the
sentence. Write the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET. (20%)
1. ____B___ is that part of the meaning of word or phrase that
relates it to phenomena in the real world or in a fictional or
possible world.
A. Connotation B. Affective meaning C. Denotation D.
Sense
2. _______ refers to the use of a native language pattern or rule
which leads to an error or inappropriate form in the target
language.
A. Interlanguage B. Positive transfer
C. Negative transfer D. Overgeneralization
3. “friendly” is a(n) _______.
A. compound B. inflectional word C. derivative D.
morpheme
4. Conjunctions, preposition, pronouns and articles can be
classified as ____.
A. lexical words B. grammatical words
C. pro-forms D. content words
5. ______ refers to the fact that language can be used to talk
about things remote either in space or in time.
A. Displacement B. Creativity C. Interchangeability
D. Duality
6. The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn’t it?” is mainly
_______.
A. directive B. informative C. phatic D.
interrogative
7. There are ______ morphemes in the word “children’s”.
A. seven B. two C. three D. nine
8. ______ is the branch of linguistics which studies the
characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their
description, classification and transcription.
A. Phonology B. Phonetic alphabet C. Corpus linguistics D.
Phonetics
9. In testing, _______ refers to the degree to which a test gives
consistent results when it is given on different occasions or when
it is used to test different people.
A. practicality B. reliability C. validity
D. objectivity
10. Teaching culture in our language classes can _______.
A. get the students familiar with cultural differences
B. help the students transcend their own culture and see things as
the members of the target culture will
C. emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and
understanding culture through various classroom practices
D. All of the above.
Ⅱ. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.
(20%)
11. Conversational implicature is a set of words with an
identifiable semantic connection.
12. Categorization is the mental process of classification.
13. The syntagmatic relation is the horizontal relationship between
linguistic elements, which form linear sequences.
14. Bilingualism is the situation where at least two languages are
used side by side by an individual or by a group of speakers, with
each having a different role to play.
15. Mother tongue interference is a process in which incorrect
linguistic features become a permanent part of the way a person
speaks or writes in the target language.
16. Backformation is the creation of a new word by removing an
affix from an existing word or by removing what is mistakenly
considered an affix.
17. Dialects are varieties of a language that are related to use.
18. Arbitrariness refers to the fact that language can used to talk
about things that are absent in time or space.
19. Immediate constituents are the smaller grammatical units into
which a larger grammatical construction is divided into through
binary segmentation.
20. Entailment is the relationship between two sentences where the
truth of one is inf
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