【北京大学】36081003-大学英语3-第三组2019秋作业（答案）

admin · 发表于 2019-11-14 16:05:50

【北京大学】36081003-大学英语3-第三组2019秋
试卷总分:100 得分:100
第1题,[组合题]
 Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to
their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means
they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.


 One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a
small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same
money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.


 Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and
hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend
more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends
and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If
one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering
and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then,
when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with
those who have shared the secret of Nature.


 Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them,
happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and
busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their
life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional
walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every
summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave
to those who are glad to get away from London every night.

正确答案:

第2题,[组合题]
 Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag, and to
ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common
practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations
on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general
rules. The national flag should be raised and lowered by hand. Do not raise the
flag while it is folded. Unfold the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to
the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on
or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform.
Do not print it upon cushions, handkerchiefs, paper napkins or boxes. A federal
law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag,
or badgers of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it
shouldn't serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed
on such occasions, do not allow the flag to fall to the ground, but let it be
carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every
precaution to prevent the flag from soiled. It should not be allowed to touch
the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects.

正确答案:

第3题,[组合题]
 Youth is not a matter of time but a matter of self-improvement, both physically
and morally. Being a good youth, one should have those factors: the basic one
is health. A healthy body is a kind of priceless treasure. One can do nothing
without it. Secondly, we should pay essential attention to our moral character.
We should be always willing to help those in trouble without any complaints.
Moreover, we should care more about the people around us. Thirdly, cooperation
and communication also play an important role in being a good youth. No one can
live alone without any friends. And nobody can work out every problem without
help of partners. So the youth should and must learn how to live and work well
with others, including those people you don't like to cooperate or communicate
with. The last but not the least, patriotism, meaning a love of one’s country,
is the one we should never forget. People always misunderstand the word
“patriots” by thinking it only refers to those fighters who fight for their
country. As a matter of fact, a patriot will do the things his country asks him
to do. So being a youth is one thing, being a good one really needs to take
every effort to make yourself to be.

正确答案:

第4题,[组合题]
 There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term
goals.


 Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which
we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or
two weeks, or possibly, months. It should be remembered that just as a building
is no stronger than its foundation, long-term goals cannot amount to very munch
without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our
short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals
that will build on those that have been completed.


 The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.
They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they
could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you
should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you
complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and
succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire
will increase.


 Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might
cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a
long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.

正确答案:

第5题,[组合题]
 A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is
to respect the self-made man - the man who has risen to the top through his own
efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in
business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position
and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even
the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father
started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.


 This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited
to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of
the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive
hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will
cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward;
furthermore, the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily
assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the
nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful
preparation of special dishes. A professional may talk about washing the car,
digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with
these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is
away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or
during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to
pay for his education.

正确答案:

第6题,[组合题]
 A million tourists go to Barcelona every year. They want to see Antonio
Gaude’s church. This unusual church has a strange history. Gaude was born in
Spain in 1852. He had to work and study at the same time. He often missed
classes because he had to work, but one day he designed a very unusual
show-case for an exhibition in Paris. People began to give him work. He
designed houses, offices and gardens. They were all very unusual. He was soon
rich and famous. Then a rich bookseller said, “Will you build a church for the
poor people of Barcelona? I will pay. I will build schools and workshops, too.
They will help the people.” “I will do it,” said Gaudi. He worked for forty
years, but he could not finish the church. It was too big. He needed
$10,000,000. He gave all his money to the church. He was poor again when he
died in 1926, and only the front of the church was finished. But architects,
engineers and tourists from all over the world come to see it. It is very
strange, very modern and very revolutionary.

正确答案:

第7题,[组合题]
 In Europe many people died during the Second World War. As a result, at the
end of the war there were many orphans there. A man called Hermann Gmeiner
wanted to help these children.


 His idea was simple. He wanted orphans to have a home, and he wanted them
to have the care and kindness of parents. Gmeiner asked people to give him some
money. With this money he built the first SOS Children’s Village at Imst, in
Austria. It opened in 1949. This is how the SOS Children's Village started. The
letters SOS stand for “Save Our Souls.” This means “Please help us!”. An SOS
Children's Village gives help to orphans.


 Hermann Gmeiner’s idea for helping orphans soon spread all over the world.
By 1983 there were 170 SOS Children’s Villages in the world. People in many
countries give money to help the villages. Today the children from the first
village are grown up. Now some of them work in other SOS Children's Villages.


 In SOS Villages orphans live in family groups. There are several houses in
each village. The biggest villages have 40 or 50 houses! Between seven and ten
children live in a house. A woman lives with each group of children and looks
after them. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness. She cooks for
them and makes comfortable, happy home for them. The children go to school,
they go out with their friends and they go into town.

正确答案:

第8题,[组合题]
 Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide
spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap
and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more
people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed.
Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to
communicate knowledge.


 How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that
question quickly. In 1900 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for
each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for
each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use
more paper than other countries.


 Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China.
In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400.
The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years. Parchment was very strong; it was
made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most
important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.

正确答案:

第9题,[组合题]
 It is always interesting to visit another country, especially for those who
have never traveled a great deal. Foreign ____01____ can be very educational for
anyone if he is interested enough to make preparations beforehand. Learning the
language of the new country would be difficult for the traveler, ____02____ the
benefits of such an effort would become obvious immediately ____03____ his arrival.
It may not seem important to him when he comfortably stays at home, but knowing
how to ____04____ a meal or book a room is necessary for the newcomer in a
strange country. Without knowing the language, it is very difficult ____05____
the stranger to understand the people of the new country and their customs.


 Of course, in our small world it is often possible to find someone ____06____
understands our own, but this is only second-best for the traveler. To be sure,
he can see places and things ____07____ the use of a language, but places and
things ____08____ not the heart of any country. To get the greatest benefit
from a trip ____09____ another country, it is how important for the visitor to ____10____
an understanding of the language.

正确答案:

第10题,[组合题]
 Climate change is one of the most fundamental challenges ever to confront
humanity. Its impacts are already showing and will intensify over time ____11____
left unchecked. There is overwhelming scientific evidence, ____12____ shown in
the Fourth Assessment Report (第四次评估报告的综合报告) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (政府间气候变化专门委员会), that climate change will threaten ____13____ growth
and long-term prosperity, as well as the very survival of the most vulnerable
populations. IPCC projections indicate that if emissions continue to rise at
their current ____14____ and are allowed to double from their pre-industrial
level, the world will face an average temperature ____15____ of around 3°C this
century. Serious impacts are associated ____16____ this scenario (情景), including sea-level rise, shifts in growing
seasons, and an ____17____ frequency and intensity of extreme weather events
such as storms, floods and droughts.


 The United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in December in
2009 offers a ____18____ opportunity to step up international action on climate
change. A Copenhagen deal is ____19____ the global transition into green
economic growth, and, most urgently, to help the world, especially the most
vulnerable, to adapt to impacts ____20____ are now inevitable.

正确答案:

第11题,[组合题]
 A rich American went into a shop in London. He wanted very much ____21____ a
nice-looking watch. He saw a watch and liked it so much that he decided to buy
it. But the owner of the shop asked five hundred dollars for it. ____22____ the
American was hesitating, a young man suddenly came into the shop, took ____23____
out of the owner’s hand and ran out with it. It all happened in ____24____ seconds.
When the owner ran out ____25____ the street, the young man had already ____26____
among the people. The American went on. At the next corner, he saw ____27____ with
the stolen watch in his hand, “Do you want to buy a fine watch, sir?” he said
in a low voice, “It’s only a hundred dollars.”


 “The young man doesn't know I saw him ____28____ the watch just now,” he
thought. The American paid at once and went happily back to his room with the
watch. He told his friend about the fine watch. His friend ____29____ a look at
the watch and started to shout immediately. He said, “You are a fool. This
watch is worth only ten dollars. I’m<a name="_Hlk16556594"></a> ____30____ the
shop owner and the young man planned all this together.”

正确答案:

第12题,[组合题]
 Each
morning, millions of us turn on our radios and television for the weather forecast.
Do the cloudy skies mean rain? Will rising temperatures bring a ____31____ to
melt snow and ice? Once we hear the forecast, we decide what clothes to wear
and ____32____ to carry an umbrella or not.


 ____33____,
though, weather forecasts are ____34____ incorrect. Yes, though the accuracy of
forecasts has improved ____35____ in recent years, predicting the weather is a
fascinating mixture of art and science that is fat from ____36____. What is
involved in predicting the weather, and how reliable are weather forecasts?


 Today
weathermen have advanced tools ____37____, the most basic of which measure air
pressure, temperature, and wind.


 Predicting
the weather, however, is not all hard science. The computers can only give some
descriptions of the behavior of the atmosphere. Furthermore, even an accurate
forecast for a large area may not take ____38____ the effect of local area on
the weather. So some ____39____ of art is also necessary. Here is where a weather
forecaster comes in. He uses his experience and judgment to determine what
value ____40____ on the data he receives. This allows him to make a more
accurate forecast.

正确答案:

第13题,[组合题]
 It’s very interesting to study names of different countries. Chinese names
are different ____41____ foreign names. Once an English lady came to ____42____
me. When I was introduced to her she said, “Glad to meet you, Miss Ping.” Then
she gave me her name card with three words on it: “Betty J. Black”. So I said, “Thank
you, Miss Betty,” We looked at each other and laughed heartily. Later I found
that the English people ____43____ their family names last and the given names ____44____,
while their middles are ____45____ used very much. I explained to her that the
Chinese family name ____46____ first, the given name last, so she ____47____ never
call me Miss Ping. She asked if we Chinese had a middle name. I told her we
didn't. ____48____ people may often find three words on a Chinese name card. In
this case the family name still comes first, and the other words after it ____49____
a two-word given name. It is quite usual in China. My sister is Li Xiaofang.
She has two words in her given name instead of just one ____50____ mine.

正确答案:

第14题,[组合题]
 In England nobody ____51____ the age of eighteen is allowed ____52____ in a
public bar. Mr. Thompson used to go to a bar near his house quite often, but he
never took his son, Tom, because he was too young. Then when Tom had his ____53____
birthday, Mr. Thompson took him to his usual bar for ____54____ time.


 They drank for an hour, and then Mr. Thompson said to his son, “Now, Tom, I
want to teach you ____55____ useful lesson. You must always be careful ____56____
drink too much. And how do you know when you have ____57____ enough? Well, I
tell you. Do you see those two lights ____58____ the end of the bar? When they
seem ____59____ become four, you've had enough and ____60____ go home.”


 “But Dad,” said Tom, “I can see only one light at the end of the bar.”

正确答案:

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【北京大学】36081003-大学英语3-第三组2019秋作业（答案）

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【北京大学】36081003-大学英语3-第三组2019秋作业（答案）