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西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程考试试题卷
类别： 网教 专业： 英语 20 19 年 13月
课程名称【编号】： 语言学导论 【0181】 A卷
大作业 满分：100 分
________________________________________
Ⅰ. For each question there are four choices. Decide which one would
be the best answer to the question, or would best complete the
sentence. Write the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET. (20%)
1. “take” and “table” can be called _______ because they can stand
as a word by themselves.
A. inflectional morphemes B. free morphemes
C. stems D. roots
2. If two sounds are of no distinctive value, but are varieties of
the same phoneme, they are called ______.
A. phones B. speech sounds C. allophones D.
morphs
3. Traditional grammar is ________.
A. descriptive B. prescriptive C. non-Latin-based D.
wrong
4. The semantic components of the word “girl” can be expressed as
_____.
A. +human, +male, +adult B. +human, -male, +adult
C. +human, -male, -adult D. +human, +male, -adult
5. _______ is a type of phonological process by which one sound
takes on some or all the characteristics of a neighboring sound.
A. Assimilation B. Transformation C. Code-switching D.
Interference
6. Which of the following sounds is a voiced bilabial stop?
______.
A. [m] B. [v] C. [d] D. [b]
7. The syllabic structure of the word “linguistics” is ______.
A. CVCCVCCVCC B. CVCCCVCCVCC
C. CVCCVVCCVCC D. CVCVVCCVCC
8. ________ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all
the members of a speech community.
A. Langue B. Performance C. Competence D. Parole
9. The words such as “brunch”, “motel” are _______.
A. formed by blending B. acronyms
C. coined by back formation D. clipped words
10. Many Chinese English learners may, at the beginning stage,
produce “mans” and “photoes” as the plural forms of “man” and
“photo”. This is most likely the result of _______ in the process of
foreign language learning.
A. Negative transfer B. Overgeneralization
C. Positive transfer D. mother tongue
interference
Ⅱ. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.
(20%)
11. Displacement refers to the phenomenon that human language can
be used to talk about things that are absent in time and space.
12. Phonology deals with the defining properties of human language
which make it different from animal communication.
13. Cooperative principles are the restrictions on the type of noun
that can be selected with each verb
14. A register is a variety of a language which is selected as
appropriate to a certain type of situation.
15. Complementary distribution refers to the phenomena that
allophones occur in different phonetic environments.
16. Bilingualism is a sociolinguistic situation where two varieties
of a language exist side by side throughout the community, with each
having a definite role to play.
17. Homonymy is the case where two, or more meanings, are
associated with the same linguistic form.
18. Norm Chomsky is the father of Transformational-Generative
Grammar.
19. An endocentric construction has no head, or no center.
20. Learner errors can be found at any stage of interlanguage and
provide evidence of the learning process.
Ⅲ. Reading comprehension. Read the following passage and answer each
of the questions based on it. Choose the correct answer write the
corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)
Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our
language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by
everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to
summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy
and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is
a sign of farewell.
Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying
Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty
payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in
German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we
prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others.
Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which
makes Americans uncomfortable.
Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which
we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and
languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and
respect in the world.
Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the
needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four
languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have
multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have
translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen
are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and
often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.
When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants
where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up
are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak
English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy,
are conducted through interpreters.
For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and
we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world
is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of
Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world
affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the
next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.
21. It can be inferred from this article that Americans being
approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably
________.
A. stand still
B. jump aside
C. step forward
D. draw back
22. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their
________.
A. cultural self-centeredness
B. casual manners
C. indifference towards foreign visitors
D. arrogance towards other cultures
23. In countries other than their own most Americans ________.
A. are isolated by the local people
B. are not well informed due to the language barrier
C. tend to get along well with the natives
D. need interpreters in hotels and restaurants
24. According to the author, Americans’ cultural blindness and
linguistic ignorance will ________.
A. affect their image in the new era
B. cut themselves off from the outside world
C. limit their role in world affairs
D. weaken the position of the US dollar
25. The author’s intention in writing this article is to make
Americans realize that ________.
A. it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends
B. it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs
C. it is necessary to use several languages in public places
D. it is time to get acquainted with other cultures
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions, each in 120 to 200 words. Write
your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)
26. Why is it necessary to teach cultural knowledge in foreign
language classes? (20%)
27. What have you learned from the course of linguistics? (20%)
(Clue: You can say whatever, linguistic or non-linguistic, you have
learned from the course. But make sure your answer is clear and
logical. You may answer the question in Chinese, but this may result
in a loss of marks.)
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发表于 2019-3-13 16:09:33
